Google signs 20-year nuclear deal with Constellation for 890MW to power AI data centers

The work covers 11 nuclear power units at six facilities in Illinois, New Jersey and Pennsylvania. New turbines, modernized steam generators and advanced digital control systems are to be installed, with the aim of raising plant efficiency. The 890 megawatts of new capacity will feed the PJM Interconnection grid, a regional transmission network that supplies 13 Mid-Atlantic and Midwest states and roughly 67 million people.

Google did not disclose what it will pay for the electricity. Constellation said the agreement provides the revenue certainty it needs to finance the multibillion-dollar upgrades without passing costs on to consumers. The two companies also signed a separate 15-year supply contract covering an additional 2,700 megawatts generated by Constellation's existing plants.

Constellation became a Google Cloud customer as part of the arrangement, signing a five-year contract under which Google will provide cloud computing resources and the Gemini Enterprise platform. The power producer said it will use the tools for AI-driven site selection, outage management, critical infrastructure protection and generator dispatch optimization.

Google said the contract will sustain 4,400 existing operational and union positions and create about 7,200 construction jobs during the upgrade phase.

In a blog post, Amanda Peterson Corio, Google's global head of data center energy, wrote that the agreement lets Constellation draw more power out of nuclear infrastructure it already operates rather than building new plants. "As electricity demand grows in the U.S., the fastest new megawatt is often the one that can be provided by existing infrastructure," she wrote, adding that with 94 reactors running nationwide there is room to bring more capacity online quickly and at lower cost.

Google has signed other nuclear purchase agreements, including one with NextEra Energy Inc. to restart the dormant Duane Arnold reactor in Iowa and another with Southern Co. covering upgrades at two of that company's plants.

Constellation has struck similar deals with other large technology companies. Last week it said Amazon Web Services Inc. agreed to buy 690 megawatts from its Calvert Cliffs plant in Maryland under a 20-year agreement, which it said would support $3 billion in nuclear upgrades. One of its first direct contracts with a technology company came in 2024, when it announced a 20-year deal with Microsoft Corp. that allowed it to reopen the Three Mile Island nuclear facility in Pennsylvania.

Oracle Corp. plans to use nuclear power at a new data center project in Wisconsin under an arrangement it says will shift about $300 million in energy costs away from utility customers. Meta Platforms Inc. has signed 20-year power purchase agreements with Vistra Corp.

Nuclear power has also drawn investment into reactor startups. Bluecore Energy Inc. raised $50 million last month for a plan to build small nuclear reactors aboard barges. Valar Atomics Inc. secured $1 billion in August to mass produce its prototype small reactors. X-energy Reactor Co. raised $700 million in November, and Radiant Industries Inc. brought in $300 million a month later for a similar program.