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UK study: men with heart disease face higher cancer risk and death rates

A 25-year UK study of 22,000 people finds men with cardiovascular disease have significantly higher risks of developing and dying from cancer, especially lung and oesophageal cancers.

AI News Feed · 2026-08-22 00:42

Researchers at the University of Aberdeen and Keele University analysed health data from 22,000 Britons over 25 years. About half of the participants had cardiovascular disease (CVD) at the start of the study or developed it during the follow-up period.

The lifetime risk of cancer among those with CVD was 17.3% in men, compared with 12.8% in women, the study found. In those without CVD, the cancer risk was 10.2% for men and 8.2% for women.

The biggest drivers behind the male cases were smoking, obesity and drinking too much alcohol, the researchers said. The link was most pronounced in lung and oesophageal cancers.

Further analysis of cancers outside the reproductive system suggested that people with heart disease faced higher rates of gastric, oesophageal, lung, bowel and non-melanoma skin cancers. These were also more prominent among men, according to the study.

Men with CVD also had an increased risk of dying from gastric, oesophageal and lung cancers compared with men without heart disease. The researchers said this may be driven by common risk factors between CVD and cancer.

Dr Tiberiu Pana, a cardiology registrar at NHS Grampian and honorary early career clinical research fellow at the University of Aberdeen, said the study identified clear differences between men and women across a range of factors in those with cardiovascular disease and all types of cancer.

Mamas Mamas, a professor of cardiology at Keele University, said more research was needed to better understand the reasons behind the increased cancer risk in people with heart disease. He added that better pathways are needed to identify and prevent cancer development in patients with cardiac conditions, as cardio-oncology services have focused mainly on cancer patients preventing cardiovascular diseases.

Nicola Smith, a senior health information manager at Cancer Research UK, said many causes of cancer and heart disease overlap, which may explain the link. Both diseases are more common in people from deprived areas. Cancer is slightly more likely to affect men, partly because smoking rates are higher, but more research was needed to confirm the stronger link between heart disease and cancer in men compared to women.

Smith advised that proven steps to reduce risk include not smoking, keeping a healthy weight, and cutting down on alcohol.